Modelling A.I. in Economics

LNC Options & Futures Prediction

Abstract

We evaluate Lincoln Financial prediction models with Active Learning (ML) and Spearman Correlation1,2,3,4 and conclude that the LNC stock is predictable in the short/long term. According to price forecasts for (n+4 weeks) period: The dominant strategy among neural network is to Buy LNC stock.


Keywords: LNC, Lincoln Financial, stock forecast, machine learning based prediction, risk rating, buy-sell behaviour, stock analysis, target price analysis, options and futures.

Key Points

  1. What is prediction in deep learning?
  2. Can neural networks predict stock market?
  3. Reaction Function

LNC Target Price Prediction Modeling Methodology

We consider Lincoln Financial Stock Decision Process with Spearman Correlation where A is the set of discrete actions of LNC stock holders, F is the set of discrete states, P : S × F × S → R is the transition probability distribution, R : S × F → R is the reaction function, and γ ∈ [0, 1] is a move factor for expectation.1,2,3,4


F(Spearman Correlation)5,6,7= p a 1 p a 2 p 1 n p j 1 p j 2 p j n p k 1 p k 2 p k n p n 1 p n 2 p n n X R(Active Learning (ML)) X S(n):→ (n+4 weeks) i = 1 n s i

n:Time series to forecast

p:Price signals of LNC stock

j:Nash equilibria

k:Dominated move

a:Best response for target price

 

For further technical information as per how our model work we invite you to visit the article below: 

How do AC Investment Research machine learning (predictive) algorithms actually work?

LNC Stock Forecast (Buy or Sell) for (n+4 weeks)

Sample Set: Neural Network
Stock/Index: LNC Lincoln Financial
Time series to forecast n: 09 Sep 2022 for (n+4 weeks)

According to price forecasts for (n+4 weeks) period: The dominant strategy among neural network is to Buy LNC stock.

X axis: *Likelihood% (The higher the percentage value, the more likely the event will occur.)

Y axis: *Potential Impact% (The higher the percentage value, the more likely the price will deviate.)

Z axis (Yellow to Green): *Technical Analysis%


Conclusions

Lincoln Financial assigned short-term B1 & long-term Ba3 forecasted stock rating. We evaluate the prediction models Active Learning (ML) with Spearman Correlation1,2,3,4 and conclude that the LNC stock is predictable in the short/long term. According to price forecasts for (n+4 weeks) period: The dominant strategy among neural network is to Buy LNC stock.

Financial State Forecast for LNC Stock Options & Futures

Rating Short-Term Long-Term Senior
Outlook*B1Ba3
Operational Risk 6590
Market Risk6871
Technical Analysis3234
Fundamental Analysis7031
Risk Unsystematic5885

Prediction Confidence Score

Trust metric by Neural Network: 92 out of 100 with 867 signals.

References

  1. Canova, F. B. E. Hansen (1995), "Are seasonal patterns constant over time? A test for seasonal stability," Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 13, 237–252.
  2. Mikolov T, Yih W, Zweig G. 2013c. Linguistic regularities in continuous space word representations. In Pro- ceedings of the 2013 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, pp. 746–51. New York: Assoc. Comput. Linguist.
  3. H. Kushner and G. Yin. Stochastic approximation algorithms and applications. Springer, 1997.
  4. J. Z. Leibo, V. Zambaldi, M. Lanctot, J. Marecki, and T. Graepel. Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning in Sequential Social Dilemmas. In Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS 2017), Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2017
  5. Chamberlain G. 2000. Econometrics and decision theory. J. Econom. 95:255–83
  6. Bottou L. 2012. Stochastic gradient descent tricks. In Neural Networks: Tricks of the Trade, ed. G Montavon, G Orr, K-R Müller, pp. 421–36. Berlin: Springer
  7. Dietterich TG. 2000. Ensemble methods in machine learning. In Multiple Classifier Systems: First International Workshop, Cagliari, Italy, June 21–23, pp. 1–15. Berlin: Springer
Frequently Asked QuestionsQ: What is the prediction methodology for LNC stock?
A: LNC stock prediction methodology: We evaluate the prediction models Active Learning (ML) and Spearman Correlation
Q: Is LNC stock a buy or sell?
A: The dominant strategy among neural network is to Buy LNC Stock.
Q: Is Lincoln Financial stock a good investment?
A: The consensus rating for Lincoln Financial is Buy and assigned short-term B1 & long-term Ba3 forecasted stock rating.
Q: What is the consensus rating of LNC stock?
A: The consensus rating for LNC is Buy.
Q: What is the prediction period for LNC stock?
A: The prediction period for LNC is (n+4 weeks)



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