Modelling A.I. in Economics

BRK.B Options & Futures Prediction

The prediction of a stock market direction may serve as an early recommendation system for short-term investors and as an early financial distress warning system for long-term shareholders. We evaluate Berkshire Hathaway prediction models with Ensemble Learning (ML) and Wilcoxon Sign-Rank Test1,2,3,4 and conclude that the BRK.B stock is predictable in the short/long term. According to price forecasts for (n+16 weeks) period: The dominant strategy among neural network is to Hold BRK.B stock.


Keywords: BRK.B, Berkshire Hathaway, stock forecast, machine learning based prediction, risk rating, buy-sell behaviour, stock analysis, target price analysis, options and futures.

Key Points

  1. Technical Analysis with Algorithmic Trading
  2. Understanding Buy, Sell, and Hold Ratings
  3. What is statistical models in machine learning?

BRK.B Target Price Prediction Modeling Methodology

In this paper, we propose a robust and novel hybrid model for prediction of stock returns. The proposed model is constituted of two linear models: autoregressive moving average model, exponential smoothing model and a non-linear model: recurrent neural network. Training data for recurrent neural network is generated by a new regression model. Recurrent neural network produces satisfactory predictions as compared to linear models. With the goal to further improve the accuracy of predictions, the proposed hybrid prediction model merges predictions obtained from these three prediction based models. We consider Berkshire Hathaway Stock Decision Process with Wilcoxon Sign-Rank Test where A is the set of discrete actions of BRK.B stock holders, F is the set of discrete states, P : S × F × S → R is the transition probability distribution, R : S × F → R is the reaction function, and γ ∈ [0, 1] is a move factor for expectation.1,2,3,4


F(Wilcoxon Sign-Rank Test)5,6,7= p a 1 p a 2 p 1 n p j 1 p j 2 p j n p k 1 p k 2 p k n p n 1 p n 2 p n n X R(Ensemble Learning (ML)) X S(n):→ (n+16 weeks) r s rs

n:Time series to forecast

p:Price signals of BRK.B stock

j:Nash equilibria

k:Dominated move

a:Best response for target price

 

For further technical information as per how our model work we invite you to visit the article below: 

How do AC Investment Research machine learning (predictive) algorithms actually work?

BRK.B Stock Forecast (Buy or Sell) for (n+16 weeks)

Sample Set: Neural Network
Stock/Index: BRK.B Berkshire Hathaway
Time series to forecast n: 23 Oct 2022 for (n+16 weeks)

According to price forecasts for (n+16 weeks) period: The dominant strategy among neural network is to Hold BRK.B stock.

X axis: *Likelihood% (The higher the percentage value, the more likely the event will occur.)

Y axis: *Potential Impact% (The higher the percentage value, the more likely the price will deviate.)

Z axis (Yellow to Green): *Technical Analysis%


Conclusions

Berkshire Hathaway assigned short-term B2 & long-term B2 forecasted stock rating. We evaluate the prediction models Ensemble Learning (ML) with Wilcoxon Sign-Rank Test1,2,3,4 and conclude that the BRK.B stock is predictable in the short/long term. According to price forecasts for (n+16 weeks) period: The dominant strategy among neural network is to Hold BRK.B stock.

Financial State Forecast for BRK.B Stock Options & Futures

Rating Short-Term Long-Term Senior
Outlook*B2B2
Operational Risk 4064
Market Risk3930
Technical Analysis8430
Fundamental Analysis5271
Risk Unsystematic6759

Prediction Confidence Score

Trust metric by Neural Network: 85 out of 100 with 566 signals.

References

  1. Matzkin RL. 2007. Nonparametric identification. In Handbook of Econometrics, Vol. 6B, ed. J Heckman, E Learner, pp. 5307–68. Amsterdam: Elsevier
  2. Dudik M, Erhan D, Langford J, Li L. 2014. Doubly robust policy evaluation and optimization. Stat. Sci. 29:485–511
  3. D. White. Mean, variance, and probabilistic criteria in finite Markov decision processes: A review. Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, 56(1):1–29, 1988.
  4. Imai K, Ratkovic M. 2013. Estimating treatment effect heterogeneity in randomized program evaluation. Ann. Appl. Stat. 7:443–70
  5. Ashley, R. (1983), "On the usefulness of macroeconomic forecasts as inputs to forecasting models," Journal of Forecasting, 2, 211–223.
  6. Li L, Chen S, Kleban J, Gupta A. 2014. Counterfactual estimation and optimization of click metrics for search engines: a case study. In Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on the World Wide Web, pp. 929–34. New York: ACM
  7. Bottou L. 2012. Stochastic gradient descent tricks. In Neural Networks: Tricks of the Trade, ed. G Montavon, G Orr, K-R Müller, pp. 421–36. Berlin: Springer
Frequently Asked QuestionsQ: What is the prediction methodology for BRK.B stock?
A: BRK.B stock prediction methodology: We evaluate the prediction models Ensemble Learning (ML) and Wilcoxon Sign-Rank Test
Q: Is BRK.B stock a buy or sell?
A: The dominant strategy among neural network is to Hold BRK.B Stock.
Q: Is Berkshire Hathaway stock a good investment?
A: The consensus rating for Berkshire Hathaway is Hold and assigned short-term B2 & long-term B2 forecasted stock rating.
Q: What is the consensus rating of BRK.B stock?
A: The consensus rating for BRK.B is Hold.
Q: What is the prediction period for BRK.B stock?
A: The prediction period for BRK.B is (n+16 weeks)

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